Python实现ftp常用操作[ftplib]

使用到的模块 ftplib

代码托管位置 github-pytools

需求

快速进行ftp上传 ，下载，查询文件

原来直接在shell下操作：需要【连接，输用户名，输密码，单文件操作，存在超时限制】

太过于繁琐，容易操作失败

改进

一句命令，搞定多文件上传，下载，查询，列表等操作

后期可以加入更强大的功能

源代码

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#ftp.py
#    wklken@yeah.net
#this script is used to do some operations more convenient via ftp
  #1.[p]upload many files in the same time,show md5s
  #2.[g]download many files in the same time,show md5s
  #3.[l]list all the files on ftp site
  #4.[f]search a file on ftp site,return True or Flase
  #5.[h]show help info

#add upload and download operations  20111210 version0.1
#add md5sum after ops 20120308 version0.2

import sys,os,ftplib,socket

CONST_HOST = "ip"
CONST_USERNAME = "username"
CONST_PWD = "pwd"
CONST_BUFFER_SIZE = 8192

COLOR_NONE = "\033[m"
COLOR_GREEN = "\033[01;32m"
COLOR_RED = "\033[01;31m"
COLOR_YELLOW = "\033[01;33m"

def connect():
    try:
        ftp = ftplib.FTP(CONST_HOST)
        ftp.login(CONST_USERNAME,CONST_PWD)
        return ftp
    except socket.error,socket.gaierror:
        print("FTP is unavailable,please check the host,username and password!")
        sys.exit(0)

def disconnect(ftp):
    ftp.quit()

def upload(ftp, filepath):
    f = open(filepath, "rb")
    file_name = os.path.split(filepath)[-1]
    try:
        ftp.storbinary('STOR %s'%file_name, f, CONST_BUFFER_SIZE)
    except ftplib.error_perm:
        return False
    return True

def download(ftp, filename):
    f = open(filename,"wb").write
    try:
        ftp.retrbinary("RETR %s"%filename, f, CONST_BUFFER_SIZE)
    except ftplib.error_perm:
        return False
    return True

def list(ftp):
    ftp.dir()

def find(ftp,filename):
    ftp_f_list = ftp.nlst()
    if filename in ftp_f_list:
        return True
    else:
        return False

def help():
    print("help info:")
    print("[./ftp.py l]\t show the file list of the ftp site ")
    print("[./ftp.py f filenamA filenameB]\t check if the file is in the ftp site")
    print("[./ftp.py p filenameA filenameB]\t upload file into ftp site")
    print("[./ftp.py g filenameA filenameB]\t get file from ftp site")
    print("[./ftp.py h]\t show help info")
    print("other params are invalid")

def main():
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    if len(args) == 0:
        print("Params needed!")
        sys.exit(0)

    ftp = connect()

    success_list = []
    failed_list = []

    if args[0] == "p":
        f_list = args[1:]

        for up_file in f_list:
        if not os.path.exists(up_file):
            print(("UPLOAD: %s "+COLOR_RED+"FAILED"+COLOR_NONE+"  :file not exist")%up_file)
            continue
        elif not os.path.isfile(up_file):
            print(("UPLOAD: %s "+COLOR_RED+"FAILED"+COLOR_NONE+"  :%s is not a file")%(up_file,up_file))
            continue

        if upload(ftp, up_file):
            success_list.append(up_file)
        else:
            failed_list.append(up_file)
        if len(success_list) > 0 :
        print((COLOR_GREEN + "UPLOAD SUCCESS: %s" + COLOR_NONE)%(" ".join(success_list)))
        print("md5sum:")
        for f in success_list:
            print( os.popen("md5sum " + f).read()[:-1])
        if len(failed_list) > 0:
        print((COLOR_RED + "UPLOAD FAILED: %s" + COLOR_NONE)%(" ".join(failed_list)))

    elif args[0] == "g":
        f_list = args[1:]

        for down_file in f_list:
        if not find(ftp,down_file):
            print(("DOWNLOAD: %s "+COLOR_RED+"FAILED"+COLOR_NONE+"  :%s is not in the ftp site")%(down_file,down_file))
            continue

        if download(ftp, down_file):
            success_list.append(down_file)
        else:
            failed_list.append(down_file)
        if len(success_list) > 0 :
        print((COLOR_GREEN + "DOWNLOAD SUCCESS: %s" + COLOR_NONE)%(" ".join(success_list)))
        print("md5sum:")
        for f in success_list:
            print( os.popen("md5sum " + f).read()[:-1])
        if len(failed_list) > 0:
        print((COLOR_RED + "DOWNLOAD FAILED: %s" + COLOR_NONE)%(" ".join(failed_list)))

    elif args[0] == "l":
        list(ftp)
    elif args[0] == "f":
        f_list = args[1:]
        for f_file in f_list:
        if find(ftp,f_file):
            print(("SEARCH: %s "+COLOR_GREEN+"EXIST"+COLOR_NONE)%f_file)
        else:
            print(("SEARCH: %s "+COLOR_RED+"NOT EXIST"+COLOR_NONE)%f_file)
            if len(f_file) > 3:
            print("Similar File List:")
            s = ftp.nlst()
            print  ", ".join([k for k in s if f_file in k])

    elif args[0] == "h":
        help()
    else:
        print("args are invalid!")
        help()

    disconnect(ftp)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

常用函数

用手册查看，以下只是简略，因为没用用到，[待整理]：

login(user='',passwd='', acct='')     登录到FTP 服务器，所有的参数都是可选的
pwd()                       当前工作目录
cwd(path)                   把当前工作目录设置为path
dir([path[,...[,cb]])       显示path 目录里的内容，可选的参数cb 是一个回调函数，会被传给retrlines()方法
nlst([path[,...])           与dir()类似，但返回一个文件名的列表，而不是显示这些文件名
retrlines(cmd [, cb])       给定FTP 命令（如“RETR filename”），用于下载文本文件。可选的回调函数cb 用于处理文件的每一行
retrbinary(cmd, cb[,bs=8192[, ra]])     与retrlines()类似，只是这个指令处理二进制文件。回调函数cb 用于处理每一块（块大小默认为8K）下载的数据。
storlines(cmd, f)   给定FTP 命令（如“STOR filename”），以上传文本文件。要给定一个文件对象f
storbinary(cmd, f[,bs=8192])    与storlines()类似，只是这个指令处理二进制文件。要给定一个文件对象f，上传块大小bs 默认为8Kbs=8192])
rename(old, new)    把远程文件old 改名为new
delete(path)     删除位于path 的远程文件
mkd(directory)  创建远程目录