Python解析xml大文件[sax]
使用到的包:xml.sax 文档
代码托管位置 github-pytools
需求
读取xml数据文件,文件较大,需要实时处理插入到数据库
xml文档
<PERSONS>
<person>
<id>100000</id>
<sex>男</sex>
<address>北京,海淀区</address>
<fansNum>437</fansNum>
<summary>1989</summary>
<wbNum>333</wbNum>
<gzNum>242</gzNum>
<blog>null</blog>
<edu>大学</edu>
<work></work>
<renZh>1</renZh>
<brithday>2月14日</brithday>
</person>
</PERSONS>
处理
sax处理时并不会像dom一样可以以类似节点的维度进行读取,它只有 开始标签 内容 结束标签 之分
处理思想是:通过一个handler,对开始标签,内容,结束标签各有一个处理函数
代码及注解
#person 处理类
:::python
from xml.sax import handler,parseString
class PersonHandler(handler.ContentHandler):
def __init__(self, db_ops):
#db op obj
self.db_ops = db_ops
#存储一个person的map
self.person = {}
#当前的tag
self.current_tag = ""
#是否是tag之间的内容 ,目的拿到tag间内容,不受空白的干扰
self.in_quote = 0
#开始,清空map
def startElement(self, name, attr):
#以person,清空map
if name == "person":
self.person = {}
#记录 状态
self.current_tag = name
self.in_quote = 1
#结束,插入数据库
def endElement(self, name):
#以person结尾 代表读取一个person的信息结束
if name == "person":
#do something
in_fields = tuple([ ('"' + self.person.get(i,"") + '"') for i in fields ])
print in_sql % in_fields
db_ops.insert( in_sql%(in_fields))
#处理
self.in_quote = 0
def characters(self, content):
#若是在tag之间的内容,更新到map中
if self.in_quote:
self.person.update({self.current_tag: content})
加上入库的完整代码
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#parse_person.py
#version : 0.1
#author : wukunliang@163.com
#desc : parse person.xml and out sql
import sys,os
import MySQLdb
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
in_sql = "insert into person(id,sex,address,fansNum,summary,wbNum,gzNum,blog,edu,work,renZh,brithday) values(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s,
%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)"
fields = ("id","sex","address","fansNum","summary","wbNum","gzNum","blog","edu","work","renZh","brithday")
#数据库方法
class Db_Connect:
def __init__(self, db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset="utf8", use_unicode = True):
print "init begin"
print db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset , use_unicode
self.conn = MySQLdb.Connection(db_host, user, pwd, db_name, charset=charset , use_unicode=use_unicode)
print "init end"
def insert(self, sql):
try:
n = self.conn.cursor().execute(sql)
return n
except MySQLdb.Warning, e:
print "Error: execute sql '",sql,"' failed"
def close(self):
self.conn.close()
#person 处理类
from xml.sax import handler,parseString
class PersonHandler(handler.ContentHandler):
def __init__(self, db_ops):
#db op obj
self.db_ops = db_ops
#存储一个person的map
self.person = {}
#当前的tag
self.current_tag = ""
#是否是tag之间的内容
self.in_quote = 0
#开始,清空map
def startElement(self, name, attr):
#以person,清空map
if name == "person":
self.person = {}
#记录 状态
self.current_tag = name
self.in_quote = 1
#结束,插入数据库
def endElement(self, name):
#以person结尾 代表读取一个person的信息结束
if name == "person":
#do something
in_fields = tuple([ ('"' + self.person.get(i,"") + '"') for i in fields ])
print in_sql % in_fields
db_ops.insert( in_sql%(in_fields))
#处理
self.in_quote = 0
def characters(self, content):
#若是在tag之间的内容,更新到map中
if self.in_quote:
self.person.update({self.current_tag: content})
if __name__ == "__main__":
f = open("./person.xml")
#如果源文件gbk 转码 若是utf-8,去掉decode.encode
db_ops = Db_Connect("127.0.0.1", "root", "root", "test")
parseString(f.read().decode("gbk").encode("utf-8"), PersonHandler(db_ops))
f.close()
db_ops.close()
平时拿python来分析数据,工具脚本还有hadoop streamming,但是用的面和深度实在欠缺 只能说道行还浅,需要多多实践
The end!
2012-04-07